Resident Resources
Already a resident? Check out these must-have resources. These readings will help you fulfill your general medical competency requirements for the “Must know and apply the basic sciences” category.
Neurosurgical Readings
NSu 8324 – Readings in Neurobiology
This course is designed to provide basic neuroscience underpinnings of neurosurgery for residents. Topics covered include neuro-anatomy of the brain and spinal cord, as well as neurophysiology, neurochemistry and integrative neuroscience.
In-house exams covering these topics will be administered quarterly. Prior to each quarter, residents will be given topic areas in which to focus their studies. To prepare for the exam, a suggested reading list of textbooks, papers, online material, etc., will be provided for self-directed learning.
IMPORTANT: mastering this material will satisfy the competency requirement that residents must “know and apply the basic sciences” that are appropriate for each residency program.
MODULE 1: CELL BIOLOGY OF NEURONS AND GLIA
- Cytology of neurons and glia
- Ion channels
- Membrane potentials
- Synaptic transmission
- Neurotransmitters
Suggested Readings:
- Principles of Neural Science, Ed. by Kandel, Schwartz, and Jessell
- Molecular Basis of Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience, Ed. by Nestler, Hyman, and Malenka
- Basic Neurochemistry, Ed. by Segal, Albers, Brady, and Price
Online Resources:
MODULE 2: SENSORY SYSTEMS
Somatic sensation
- Spinothalamic pain pathways
- Dorsal column pathways for touch sensation
- Thalamocortical pathways for touch and pain
Vision
- Retinal organization
- Retino-geniculate pathways
- Cortical representation of vision
Hearing
- Anatomical organization of the cochlea
- Transduction of sound sensation
Smell and taste
Suggested Readings:
- Principles of Neural Science, Ed. by Kandel, Schwartz, and Jessell
- Neuroanatomy Through Clinical Cases by Blumenfeld
Online Resources:
MODULE 3: MOTOR, COGNITIVE, AND AUTONOMIC SYSTEMS
- Motor Systems
- Spinal reflexes
- Vestibular system
- Motor cortex and voluntary movement
- Basal ganglia
- Cerebellum
Cognition and the Limbic System
- Autonomic Systems
- Sympathetic autonomic nervous system
- Parasympathetic autonomic nervous system
Suggested Readings:
- Principles of Neural Science, Ed. by Kandel, Schwartz, and Jessell
- Neuroanatomy Through Clinical Cases by Blumenfeld
Online Resources:
MODULE 4: MOLECULAR GENETICS, BRAIN TUMORS, NEUROIMMUNOLOGY, AND CUTTING EDGE DEVELOPMENTS
- Molecular Genetic of the Nervous System
- Hallmarks of Cancer
- Molecular Genetics of Glioma
- Normal and Brain Tumor Stem Cells
- Basic Immunology
- Mechanisms and Principles of Immunity in the brain
- Cutting Edge: recent clinical trials and emerging trends
Suggested Readings:
- For Basic Immunology: Immunobiology 5th ed., Janeway, Charles A.; Travers, Paul; Walport, Mark; Shlomchik, Mark, New York and London: Garland Science; c2001 (Tip: focus on function and biology of T cell and NK cell; how are they similar and how are they different)
- Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. The hallmarks of cancer. Cell. 2000;100:57-70
- Sehgal A. Molecular changes during the genesis of human gliomas. Semin Surg Oncol. 1998;14:3-12
- Ransohoff RM, Kivisakk P, Kidd G. Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003;3:569-581
- Vescovi AL, Galli R, Reynolds BA. Brain tumor stem cells. Nat Rev Cancer. 2006;6:425-436
- Hussain SF, Heimberger AB. Immunotherapy for human glioma: innovative approaches and recent results.Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2005;5:777-790
- King GD, Curtin JF, Candolfi M, Kroeger K, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Gene therapy and targeted toxins for glioma. Curr Gene Ther. 2005;5:535-557.
Online Resources:
- Molecular Biology of the Cell, by Albers et al.
- Immunobiology by Janeway et al
- Hallmarks of Cancer: review paper 1
- Molecular Genetics of Glioma: review paper 2
- Immunity in Brain: review paper 3
- Stem cells & Brain Tumor: review paper 4
- Cutting Edge, immunotherapy: review paper 5
- Cutting Edge, gene therapy: review paper 6
DNA Interactive Websites
http://www.dnai.org
http://www.dnaftb.org
http://www.dnalc.org/home.html
Molecular Biology Webcast
http://webcast.berkeley.edu/courses/archive.php?seriesid=1906978371
Cancer Interactive Website
http://www.insidecancer.org/
Wikipedia – Science Portal
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Science
FINAL SELF-EXAM QUESTIONS
After completing the four modules, you can access the self-exam questions by going to the MyU portalwww.myu.umn.edu and signing in. Then go to My USpace where the courses are listed and find NSu 8324 – Neurobiology Self-Examination Questions.
Relevant conferences, external sites, journals and academic organizations
- Conference (every Tuesday)
- QI/Journal club (third Friday of the month)
- M&M and QI (every Friday)
- Neuroanatomy curriculum (hour-long didactic every month, Neuroanatomy Lab time as scheduled).
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
Brain Research
Brain Research Bulletin
Brain Research Protocols
Cell
Cell Transplantation
European Journal of Neuroscience
Experimental Neurology
JAMA
Journal of Cell Biology
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
Journal of Neurochemistry
Journal of Neuro-Oncology
Journal of Neuroscience
Journal of Neuroscience Research
Journal of Neurosurgery
Life Sciences
Molecular Therapy
Nature
Nature Medicine
Nature Neuroscience
Neurochemical Research
Neuro-Oncology
Neuroscience Letters
Neuroscience Research
Neurosurgical Focus
Neurosurgery
PNAS
Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience
Science
Stroke
Transplantation Proceedings
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS)
American Society for Neural Transplantation and Repair (ASNTR)
American Board of Neurological Surgery (ABNS)
International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR)
Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS)
Society for Neuro-Oncology
Society for Neuroscience (SFN)
University of Minnesota's Biomedical Library