Sabarinathan Ramachandran, PhD
Schulze Diabetes Institute
515 Delaware St SE
Minneapolis, MN 55455-0357
Biography
Dr. Ramachandran, a transplant immunologist, is the Director of the Transplantation Tolerance Laboratory (TTL) at the Schulze Diabetes Institute (SDI) in the Department of Surgery. His research focuses on the development of a clinically translatable tolerance induction regimen for cell and solid organ transplantation. The major objectives of the Transplant Tolerance laboratory are 1. Develop a novel personalized (nanoparticle or recipient cell-based) transplant tolerance regimen; 2. Define the molecular mechanisms of tolerance; 3. Design innovative immune monitoring strategies; and 4. Translate the research findings to a xenotransplant setting to overcome donor organ shortage.
Education
PhD, Anna University
Major: Biotechnology
M.Tech, Other, Anna University
Major: Biotechnology
MS, University of the Madras
Major: Biochemistry
BS, University of the Madras
Major: Microbiology
Research
The overall focus of Dr. Ramachandran’s research is to determine the immunological mechanisms that contribute to the rejection of transplanted allografts and identify key cellular immune pathways that regulate these antigen-specific immune responses. In a non-human primate model, the TTL has demonstrated that infusions of apoptotic donor leukocytes under induction immunosuppression with antagonistic anti-CD40 antibodies, rapamycin, etanercept and tocilizumab induces long-term islet allograft survival. Tolerance in this model is mediated in part by Tr1cells with indirect specificity for mismatched donor MHC class I peptides. Research in the TTL at the SDI, which Dr. Ramachandran directs, is focused on tracking the fate and specific features of defined immune cell populations through TCR and BCR sequencing, donor MHC peptide-specific MHC class II tetramer staining, epigenetic (ATACseq) and transcriptomic (RNAseq) profiling at the single-cell level in transplant recipients. A related methodology TTL is pursuing involves spatial profiling and whole-genome transcriptome analysis of the graft and the graft infiltrating cells using unique RNA probes specific for islets as well as for CD4+, CD8+ and CD20+ immune cells to define the interactions between the graft and graft infiltrating cells in the induction and maintenance of tolerance.
Awards, Honors and Recognitions
Novartis Global Travel Award , Basic Science Symposium , 2007
American Society of Transplantation Young Investigative Award , 2006
ASHI Scholar Award , 2005
Travel grant to attend the 9th Basic Science Symposium, 2005
Recipient of JDRF Postdoctoral Fellowship , 2005
INDO-Australian fellowship for visitor exchange , 1998
Research Fellow, Indo-US PL480 project, 1995
Jawaharial Nehru University Fellowship for Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, India , 1993
Qualified Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE), Government of India, 1993
CSIR - Senior Research Fellowship , 1992
University 6th Rank in B.S. Microbiology, University of Madras , 1991
Presentations
Tiriveedhi, V., Takenaka, M., Ramachandran, S., Gelman, A., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar, T. "Pivotal Role for T Regulatory Cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) in the Control of Th17 Mediated Immune Response to Self Antigens and Development of Obliterative Airway Disease Induced by Antibodies to MHC Class I Molecules ", ATC 2012 Meeting, Boston, Massachusetts. January 01, 2012.
Ramachandran, S., Takenaka, M., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "JAK-MAPK Activation by IL-6 Signaling Following Administration of Antibodies to MHC Class I Is Critical for Development of Obliterative Airway Disease ", ATC 2012 Meeting, Boston, Massachusetts. January 01, 2012.
Angaswamy, N., Ramachandran, S., Tiriveedhi, V., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Oleanolic acid a natural plant triterpenoid, significantly delays the production of autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells to Insulin/InsB(9-23) peptide and development of diabetes in NOD mice ", ATC 2011 Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. January 01, 2011.
Ramachandran, S., Basha, H., Shenoy, S., Anderson, C., Crippin, J., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "miRNA 144 and 183 modulates TGF-beta signaling in chronic HCV infection leading to early fibrosis following liver transplantation ", ATC 2011 Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. January 01, 2011.
Ramachandran, S. "IL-6 through induction of autoimmunity contributes to development of chronic rejection ", 36th Annual ASHI Meeting, Hollywood, Florida. September 01, 2010.
Nath, D. S., Tiriveedhi, V., Ilias Basha, H., Angaswamy, N., Ramachandran, S., Phelan, D., Ewals, G. A., Mohanakumar, T. "Antibodies to HLA precede antibodies to MICA and self-antigens - Myosin Vimentin, Collagen-V - in human cardiac allograft recipients with acute antibody mediated rejection ", 36th Annual ASHI Meeting, Hollywood, Florida. September 01, 2010.
Conzen, K. D., Liaw-Conlin, J., Malone, J. P., Townshend, R. R., Kerns, R., Jia, J., Uhadhya, G., Csontos, K., Ramachandran, S., Mohanakumar, T., Anderson, C. D., Chapman , W. C. "Proteome analysis implicates molecular chaperones are mediators of warm ischemia and repercussion injury in the steatotic liver ", ATC 2010, San Diego, California. May 01, 2010.
Anderson, C., Conzen , K. D., Upadhya, A., Jia, J., Ramachandran, S., Mohanakumar , T. "Short term fasting attenuates endoplasmic reticulum associated cold ischemia and reperfusion injury in steatotic liver allografts ", ATC 2010, San Diego, California. May 01, 2010.
Anderson, C., Upadhya, A., Conzen, K. D., Jia, J., Ramachandran, S., Mohanakumar , T. "Autophagy contributes to endoplasmic reticulum stress related, hepatocellular injury in steatotic liver transplantation ", ATC 2010, San Diego , California. May 01, 2010.
Nath, D. S., Ilias Basha, H., Saini , D., Ramachandran, S., Tiriveedhi, V., Ewald, G. A., Moazami, N., Mohanakumar , T. "IL-5 mediated immune responses to self-antigens - myosin, vimentin, collagen V - play a crucial role in rejection of human cardiac allografts", ATC 2010 , San Diego, California. May 01, 2010.
Angaswamy, N., Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Phelan, D., Aloush, A., Hachem, R., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Development of antibodies to HLA antigens precedes development of antibodies to MICA which are significantly associated with development of chronic rejection following human lung transplantation ", ATC 2010, San Diego, California. May 01, 2010.
Ilias Basha, H., Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Induction of hepatitis C virus (HCV) specific Th17 cells in liver transplant recipients with recurrent HCV induced allograft inflammation and fibrosis ", ATC 2010, San Diego, California. May 01, 2010.
Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "A crucial role for IL-6 in the induction of autoimmunity to lung specific self antigens K-alpha1 Tubulin and collagen C in the development of anti-MHC mediated obliterative airway disease ", ATC 2010, San Diego, California. May 01, 2010.
Ilias Basha, H., Tiriveedhi, V., Takenaka, M., Ramachandran, S., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "IL-17F induces a distinct form of anti-MHC class I induced autoimmunity and playing a role in chronic rejection post-lung transplantation ", ISHLT 30th Annual Meeting , Chicago, Illinois. April 01, 2010.
Tiriveedhi, V., Brand, D. H., Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Hachem, R., Trulock, E. P., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Alloimmune responses to mismatched MHC class I antigens induces immune responses to self antigens leading to chronic rejection ", ISHLT 30th Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois. April 01, 2010.
Ramachandran, S., Fukami, N., Benshoff, N., Mohanakumar , T. "IL-6 plays a crucial role in the induction of autoimmunity and development of chronic rejection ", ISHLT 30th Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois. April 01, 2010.
Ramachandran, S., Fukami, N., Saini, D., Mohanakumar , T. "Obliterative airway disease (OAD) induced by antibodies to MHC-class I is B cell independent: An obligatory role for antibodies to self antigens in the pathogenesis of OAD ", ISHLT 30th Annual Meeting , Chicago, Illinois. April 01, 2010.
Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Aloush, A., Hachem, R., Trulock, E. P., Patterson, A., Mohanakumar , T. "Interaction between alpha-1a antitrypsin (AAT) and A-defensics in regulating immune responses leading to chronic rejection following human lung transplantation ", ISHLT 30th Annual Meeting , Chicago, Illinois. April 01, 2010.
Nath, D. S., Ilias Basha, H., Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Ewald, G. A., Moazami, N., Mohanakumar , T. "The important role of immune responses to self-antigens in pathogenesis of coronary artery vasculopathy following human cardiac transplantation ", ISHLT 30th Annual Meeting, Chicago, Illinois. April 01, 2010.
Nath, D. S., Ilias Basha , H., Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Phelan, D., Ewald, G. A., Moazami, N., Mohanakumar , T. "De novo antibodies to HLA and self-antigens are associated with antibody mediated rejection in cardiac transplant recipients", ASHI 35th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California. November 01, 2009.
Ilias Basha , H., Fukami, N., Ramachandran, S., Mohanakumar , T. "Anti-MHC class I antibody induced autoimmunity leading to chronic rejection is mediated by the increased expression of IL-17 homologs, IL-17A and F", ASHI 35th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California. November 01, 2009.
Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Liu , M., Simon, G., Steward, N., Aloush, A., Hachem, R., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Development of immune response to self antigens (K-a1 Tubulin and Collagen V) following human lung transplant plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of chronic rejection ", American Transplant Congress (ATC), Boston, Massachusetts. May 01, 2009.
Nath, D., Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Ewald, G. A., Moazami, N., Mohanakumar , T. "Development of antibodies to collagen V during post-transplantation are associated with adverse graft outcome in cardiac transplant recipients ", American Transplant Congress (ATC), Boston, Massachusetts. May 01, 2009.
Basha, H., Fukami, N., Ramachandran, S., Saini, D., Walter, M., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "IL-17F is a potential mediator of airway inflammation leading to chronic rejection pathology following intra-bronchial anti-MHCE class I administration ", American Transplant Congress (ATC), Boston, Massachusetts. May 01, 2009.
Ramachandran, S., Jendrisak, M., Koch, M., Anderson, C., Shenoy, S., Desai, N., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Plasmapheresis and IVIG treatment upregulates the expression of Bc12 and HO-1 resulting in inhibition of humoral rejection in ABO incompatible renal transplant recipients ", American Transplant Congress (ATC) , Boston, Massachusetts. May 01, 2009.
Nataraju, A., Ramachandran, S., Saini, D., Benshoff, N., Yu, L., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Oleanolic acid, a plant derived triterpenoid, significantly delays or prevents the development of diabetes in NOD mice ", American Transplant Congress (ATC), Boston, Massachusetts. May 01, 2009.
Ramachandran, S., Jendrisak, M., Anderson, C., Shenoy, S., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Donor management with N-acetyl cysteine reduces apoptosis in the isolated islets and decreases innate and adaptive immune activation ", American Transplant Congress (ATC), Boston, Massachusetts. May 01, 2009.
Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Liu, M., Steward, N., Aloush, A., Hachem, R., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Alloimmunity induced remodeling of airway epithelium exposes cryptic self antigens (Ka1 tubular and Collagen V), leading to autoimmunity and chronic rejection following human lung transplantation ", ISHLT 29th Annual Meeting, Paris, France. April 01, 2009.
Ramachandran, S., Parekh, K., Aloush, A., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Innate immune activation by hyaluronan leads to inflammation and loss of regulatory T cells resulting in development of BOS following lung transplantation ", ISHLT 29th Annual Meeting, Paris, France. April 01, 2009.
Ramachandran, S., Saini, D., Walter, M., Patterson, G. A., Trulock, E., Mohanakumar , T. "Respiratory viral infections through TLR7 signaling lead to loss of Tregs and contribute to development of chronic rejection (BOS) following lung transplantation ", ISHLT 29th Annual Meeting, Paris, France. April 01, 2009.
Nataraju, A., Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Liu, W., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Oleanolic acid significantly improves survival of transplanted islets and delays development of diabetes and NOD mice ", Autumn Immunology Conference (AIC), Chicago, Illinois. November 01, 2008.
Liu, M., Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Simon, G., Steward, N., Aloush, A., Hachem, R., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Allo-immunity induced remodeling of airway epithelium exposes cryptic self-antigens (Ka1 tubular and collagen V), leading to autoimmunity and chronic rejection following human lung transplantation ", Autumn Immunology Conference (AIC), Chicago, Illinois. November 01, 2008.
Ramachandran, S., Fukami, N., Koch, M., Shenoy, S., Jendrisak, M., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar, T. "Priming of endothelial cells with subsaturating concentrations of anti-HLA antibody induces MAPK signaling and confers protection through Bc12 and HO-1", 34th ASHI Ann Meeting , Toronto, Canada. October 01, 2008.
Ramachandran, S., Fukami, N., Saini, D., Walter, M., Mohanakumar, T. "Anti-MHC antibodies through IL-17 induce autoimmune responses and autoantibody development to self antigens leading to chronic rejection ", 34th ASHI Ann Meeting , Toronto, Canada. October 01, 2008.
Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Aloush, A., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar, T. "Synergistic effects of anti-HLA antibodies (Abs) and defenses in the pathogenesis of BOS following human lung transplantation (LTx) ", ATC Meeting, Canada. January 01, 2008.
Golocheikine, A., Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Phelan, D., Aloush, A., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar, T. "Erythrocyte bound complement, E-C4d, as a marker for humoral rejection in lung transplant (LTx) recipients ", ATC Meeting, Canada. January 01, 2008.
Fukami, N., Ramachandran, S., Saini, D., Chapman, W., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Anti-MHC antibody induction of immune responses to self-antigens ", ATC Meeting, Canada. January 01, 2008.
Angaswamy, N., Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Liu, W., Desai, N., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Oleanolic acid, a natural triterpenoid, significantly improves islet survival and function following transplantation ", ATC Meeting , Canada. January 01, 2008.
Ramachandran, S., Fukami, N., Simon, G., Steward, N., Shenoy, S., Koch, M., Jendrisak, M., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Binding of endothelial cells by sub saturating concentrations of anti-HLA inhibits lymphocyte migration and decreases expression of TNF family of genes conferring protection against multiple immunologic insults ", ATC Meeting, Canada. January 01, 2008.
Ramachandran, S., Fukami, N., Simon, G., Koch, M., Shenoy, S., Jendrisak, M., Chapman , W., Mohanakumar , T. "Subsaturating concentrations of anti-HLA antibody (Ab) activates the MAPK, Hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathway in endothelial cells (ECs) resulting in accommodation ", ATC Meeting, Canada. January 01, 2008.
Ramachandran, S., Golocheikine, A., Benshoff, N., Desai, N., Jendrisak, M., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "HGF, an upstream pro-angiogenic growth factor induces neovascularization enabling suboptimal numbers of islets to restore normoglycemia ", ATC Meeting, Canada. January 01, 2008.
Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Golocheikine, A., Aloush, A., Steward, N., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Alloimmunity may lead to autoimmunity against epithelial auto-antigens following lung transplantation (LTx): Role in chronic injection ", ATC Meeting, Canada. January 01, 2008.
Ramachandran, S., Fernandez, F., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Activation of the innate immune response by anti-MHC antibodies ", ASHI 33rd Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, Minnesota. October 01, 2007.
Fukami , N., Ramachandran, S., Saini, D., Walter, M., Mohanakumar , T. "Ligation of the MHC molecules with anti-MHC antibodies can induce autoimmunity: Novel mechanism in the immunopathogenesis of chronic rejection of allografts ", ASHI 33rd Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, Minnesota. October 01, 2007.
Fukami , N., Ramachandran, S., Saini, D., Walters, M., Mohanakumar , T. "Binding of MHC molecules in the lung with anti-MHC antibody results in autologous cellular infiltration, epithelial metaplasia, endothelitis and fibrosis: a novel mechanism for the immunopathogenesis of chronic rejection ", Basic Sciene Symposium of the Transplantation Society , Halifax, Nova Scotia. September 01, 2007.
Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Down modulation of the porcine xenogeneic immune responses by soluble MICA through the NKG2D pathway ", ATC 2007 Meeting, San Francisco, California. May 01, 2007.
Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Desai, N., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Innate immune activation through TLR4 but not TLR2 plays a significant role in islet xenograft rejection ", ATC 2007 Meeting, San Francisco, California. May 01, 2007.
Saini, D., Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Liu, W., Desai, N., Chapman , W., Mohanakumar , T. "Increase in levels of soluble CD30 post-transplant as a predictor of islet graft rejection ", ATC 2007 Meeting, San Francisco, California. May 01, 2007.
Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Jendrisak, M., Desai, N., Shenoy, S., Chapman, W., Mohanakumar , T. "Pre-treatment of donor with N-acetyl cysteine and addition during islet isolation increases islet yield and function ", WTC 2006 Meeting, Boston, Massachusetts. July 01, 2006.
Ramachandran, S., Parekh, K., Goers, T., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Innate immune response through TLR signaling contributes to acute and chronic rejection in human lung transplant recipients ", WTC 2006 Meeting , Boston, Massachusetts. July 01, 2006.
Goers, T. A., Ramachandran, S., Trulock, E. P., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Anti-airway epithelial cell antibody binding results in protein kinase C activation and fibrotic growth factor production contributing to pathogenesis of bronchiolitis obliterans ", WTC 2006 Meeting, Boston, Massachusetts. July 01, 2006.
Goers, T. A., Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Mohanakumar , T. "siRNA-mediated silencing of the IL1 and its impact on the pathogenesis of obliterative airway disease following tracheal transplantation ", WTC 2006 Meeting , Boston, Massachusetts. July 01, 2006.
Goers, T. A., Ramachandran, S., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Identification of a unique airway epithelial cell antigen defined by post-transplant sera from human lung transplant recipients with brochiolitis obliterans syndrome capable of protein kinase C activation and fibrotic growth factor production ", ISHLT 26th Meeting, Madrid. April 01, 2006.
Ramachandran, S., Goers, T. A., Liu, W., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "TLR2 signaling blocks regulatory T cell suppression leading to immune activation following cardiac allotransplantation ", ISHLT 26th Meeting , Madrid, Spain. April 01, 2006.
Goers, T. A., Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Mohanakumar , T. "Sirna-mediated silencing of the IL-1 and its impact on the pathogenesis of obliterative airway disease following tracheal transplantation ", ISHLT 26th Meeting , Madrid, Spain. April 01, 2006.
Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Chapman, W., Babinsky, N., Mohanakumar , T. "MICA inhibits NK cell responses to porcine endothelial cells mediated by NKG2D", ASHI 31st Meeting, Washington D.C.. October 01, 2005.
Goers, T. A., Ramachandran, S., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Immune response to non-MHC airway epithelial cell antigen (S) promotes chronic lung allograft rejection ", ASHI 31st Meeting, Washington D.C.. October 01, 2005.
Ramachandran, S., Goers, T., Parekh, K., Trulock, E., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Epithelial specific, non-MHC antibodies, induce hyperactive rejection of human lung allografts", ASHI 31st Meeting, Washington D.C. . October 01, 2005.
Goers, T. A., Ramachandran, S., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar , T. "Immune response to epithelial cell antigens promotes chronic lung allograft rejection ", ATC, Seattle, Washington. May 01, 2005.
Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Babinsky, N., Jendrisak, M., Mohanakumar , T. "Enhancement of islet yield by inhibition of apoptosis by antioxidant, n-acetyl-I-cysteine", Swine in Biomedical Research Conference, Chicago, Illinois. January 01, 2005.
Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Mohanakumar , T. "Important role of NKG2D in activation of NK cells and costimulation of activated T cells exposed TP porcine aortic endothelial cell ", Swine in Biomedical Research Conference, Chicago, Illinois. January 01, 2005.
Ramachandran, S., Virkud, Y., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar, T. "CD8+ CTLs against porcine endogenous retrovirus peptides contribute towards xenograft recognition ", Swine in Biomedical Research Conference, Chicago, Illinois. January 01, 2005.
Mohanakumar, T., Narayanan, K., Phelan, D., Olack, B., Benshoff, N., Ramachandran, S., Brennan, D., Odorico, J., Desai, N., Polonsky , K. "Significance of HLA in human islet transplantation ", American Society for Histocompatability and Immunogenetics Meeting, San Antonio, Texas. October 01, 2004.
Ramachandran, S., Parekh, K., Fernandez, F., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar, T. "Innate immune response is activated by TLR 4 signaling in human lung transplant recipients", American Society for Histocompatability and Immunogenetics Meeting, San Antonio, Texas. October 01, 2004.
Ramachandran, S., Benshoff, N., Olack, B., Desai, N., Jendrisak, M., Mohanakumar, T. "Inhibition of apoptosis in human islets isolated from pancreas stored in perfluorocarbons ", American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Meeting, San Antonio, Texas. October 01, 2004.
Ramachandran, S., Narayanan, K., Benshoff, N., Steward, N., Olack, B., Desai, N., Mohanakumar , T. "Preservation of pancreas in per fluorocarbon inhibits apoptosis in isolated human islets", American Transplant Congress , Boston, Massachusetts. May 01, 2004.
Ramachandran, S., Parekh, K., Patterson, G. A., Mohanakumar, T. "Innate immune response is activated via TLR4 signaling in BAL fluids of human lung transplant recipients", American Transplant Congress, Boston, Massachusetts. May 01, 2004.
Ramachandran, S., Jaramillo, A., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar , T. "Porcine endogenous retrovirus significantly contributes peptide epitopes for SLA and HLA class I molecules: Implications for xenotransplantation ", ASHI 29th Annual Meeting , Miami Beach, Florida. October 01, 2003.
Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Phelan, D., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar, T. "Role of NKG2D receptors in the activation of human NK cells by porcine endothelial cells: augmentation of specific T cell xenograft immune responses ", ASHI 29th Annual Meeting , Miami Beach, Florida. October 01, 2003.
Ramachandran, S., Jaramillo, A., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar, T. "PERV derived peptides are presented naturally in the context of porcine and human MHC class I molecules ", Basic Sciences Symposium , Keystone, Colorado. September 01, 2003.
Ramachandran, S., Steward, N., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar , T. "NKG2D, a receptor for stress-induced ligand is involved in the activation of NK cells and costimulation of activated T cells in xenotransplantation ", Basic Sciences Symposium, Keystone, Colorado. September 01, 2003.
Ramachandran, S., Jaramillo, A., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar , T. "Dominant endogenous retrovirus-derived epitopes defined by human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes ", 7th International Xenotransplantation Congress, Glasgow, Scotland. September 01, 2003.
Ramachandran, S., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar , T. "An important role for NKG2D, an activation receptor for stress inducible ligands in human immune response against porcine endothelial cells ", 7th International Xenotransplantation Congress, Glasgow, Scotland. September 01, 2003.
Ramachandran, S., Jaramillo, A., McKane, B. W., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar, T. "Identification of MHC-class-restricted T cell epitopes derived from porcine endogenous retrovirus recognized by human CD8+ CTLs", ASTS/AST ATC 2003 Meeting , Washington D.C.. May 01, 2003.
Ramachandran, S., Chapman, W. C., Mohanakumar, T. "Human NK cells recognize porcine targets by NKG2D, an activation receptor for stress inducible ligands ", ASTS/AST ATC 2003 Meeting, Washington D.C.. May 01, 2003.
McKane, B., Xu, X. C., Ramachandran, S., Olack, B. J., Mohanakumar , T. "Human natural xenoreactive antibodies inhibits in vivo porcine endogenous retrovirus infection of human peripheral blood cells in a human reconstituted murine severe combined immunodeficiency model ", AST Transplant 2002 Meeting , Washington D.C.. April 01, 2002.
Professional Memberships
American Society for Histocompatability & Immunogenetics
The Transplantation Society
American Society of Transplantation